MICROPROCESSOR

A microprocessor is a computer processorwhich incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC),[1] or at most a few integrated circuits.[2] The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital-integrated circuit which accepts binarydata as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic. Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system.

There are many types of CPU

ALU :  An arithmetic logic unit is a combinational digital electronic circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers. This is in contrast to a floating-point unit, which operates on floating point numbers.

CU : The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit(CPU) that directs the operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions.

Bus unit :
Computer systems generally consist of three main parts: the central processing unit (CPU) that processes data, memory that holds the programs and data to be processed,

Address bus :
An address bus is a computer bus (a series of lines connecting two or more devices) that is used to specify a physical address. ... The width of theaddress bus determines the amount of memory a system can address. For example, a system with a 32-bitaddress bus can address 2³²(4,294,967,296) memory locations

Prefetch unit : In computer architecture, instructionprefetch is a technique used in central processor units to speed up the execution of a program by reducing wait states. Prefetching occurs when a processor requests an instruction or data block from main memory before it is actually needed.

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